Joan of Arc

ArtistWorkshop of Peter Paul Rubens Flemish, b. 1577, Siegen Westphalia; d. 1640, Antwerp

Datecirca 1620 (?) and after 1640

MediumOil on canvas

Dimensions71 1/2 x 45 3/4 in. (181.6 x 116.2 cm)
Frame: 85 1/2 x 61 1/4 x 4 5/8 in. (217.2 x 155.6 x 11.7 cm)

ClassificationsPaintings

Credit LinePurchased with funds from the State of North Carolina and gift of the North Carolina State Art Society (Robert F. Phifer Bequest)

Object number52.9.111

On View

On view

ProvenanceCreated Antwerp, Flanders [present day Belgium], ca. 1620 (?) and after 1640; collection of the artist (?). Probably Rubens’s studio [1]. Probably Jan Baptista Cachiopin de la Redo, Antwerp [2]. Probably David [de] Amory, Amsterdam; [Amsterdam, June 22, 1772, no. 4] [3]. [Probably sale, Amsterdam, October 16, 1736, no. 1]. Probably Johann Heinrich von Gise; [probably sale, Bonn, 1ff. August 1742, no. 50, bought in?] [4]; [probably sale, Bonn, 30ff. August 1742, no. 87]. Possibly Dr. Bragge, London; [Mr. Prestage, London, March 20, 1750/51, no. 59] [5]; Abraham Johan Ant. Schaffhausen (1756–1824), Cologne. Sibilla von Wittgenstein (d. 1918); [her sale, Lempertz, Cologne, May 13–16, 1919, no. 656, as Jeanne d’Arc by Rubens]; D. Hjorth Jr., Malmö, Sweden; Baron von Platen, Sweden; [Rosenberg & Stiebel, New York]; sold to NCMA, 1952.

[1] Inventory of 1640, no. 159 (as “La Pucelle d’Orleans sur toile” [The Maid of Orleans on canvas]).
[2] Inventory of 1662 (as “Een contrefeytsel van de Maecht van Orleans, van Rubens” [A copy of the Maid of Orleans, by Rubens]).
[3] As “De Maegd van Orleans in’t volle Harnas,levensgrrote knielende voor een Cruxifix door P. P. Rubens.” (The Maid of Orleans in Full Armor, Life Size Kneeling Before a Crucifix by P. P. Rubens)
[4] As “La Pucelle d’Orleans.” (The Maid of Orleans)
[5] As “The Pucelle D’Orleans, Rubens.” (The Maid of Orleans, Rubens)
Published ReferencesJohanna Schopenhauer, Ausflug an den Niederrhein und Belgien, I (Leipzig: 1830), 221.

Johann Jacob Merlo, Nachrichten von dem Leben und den Werken Kölnischer Künstler. Abth. d. Künstlernachrichten, Kunst und Künstler in Köln (Köln: Heberle, 1850), 383.

G. Parthey, Deutscher Bildersaal: Verzeichniss der in Deutschland vorhandenen oelbilder verstorbener Maler aller Schulen in alphabetischer Folge zusammengestellt, Bd. 2 L-Z (Berlin: Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1863), 430, cat. no. 285.

Max Rooses, L'oeuvre de P. P. Rubens, Vol. 4 (Antwerp: Jos. Maes, 1890), no. 816.

“Katalog der Kunstsammlung von Wittgenstein, Köln” (auction catalogue) (Cologne: Lempertz, May 13-16, 1919), lot 656, as Jeanne d’Arc by Rubens (sold May 16).

W. R. Valentiner, Catalogue of Paintings: Including Three Sets of Tapestries(Raleigh: North Carolina Museum of Art, 1956), no. 133, illus. (b-w).

Life (December 10, 1956), illus.

W. R. Valentiner, "Joan of Arc by Rubens," North Carolina Museum of Art Bulletin 1, no. 3 (Fall 1957), 11-16, illus. (b-w) 14, (b-w detail) 15.

J[ustus] Müller Hofstede, "Beitrage zum zeichnerischen Werk von Rubens" in Wallraf-Richartz Jahrbuch, Vol. 27 (Köln: M. Dumont Schauberg, 1965), 304, notes 120, 121, illus. fig. 218.

Robert F. Phifer Collection (exhibition catalogue) (Raleigh: North Carolina Museum of Art, 1973), 80, illus. (b-w) 81.

North Carolina Museum of Art Bulletin 13, no. 3 (1976), listed 61.

P. P. Rubens: Paintings - Oilsketches - Drawings (exhibition catalogue) (Antwerp: Royal Museum of Fine Arts, 1977), cat. no. 46, illus. 114.

Images de Jeanne D'Arc (exhibition catalogue) (Paris: Hôtel de la Monnaie, 1979), cat. no. 41.

Marina Warner, Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1980), illus. (color) pl. 8.

Marina Warner, "Joan of Arc: The Changing Image," London: Telegraph Sunday Magazine, no. 256 (August 23, 1981), 21.

Edgar Peters Bowron, ed., Introduction to the Collections (Chapel Hill: published for the North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, by The University of North Carolina Press, 1983), illus. (b-w) 132.

Judy Jones and William Wilson, An Incomplete Education (New York: Ballantine Books, 1987), 553.

Saints and Heroes (exhibition catalogue) (Raleigh: North Carolina Museum of Art, 1987), 14-15, illus. (b-w) 14, fig. 9.

Roger Adolf d' Hulst and M. Vandenven, Rubens: The Old Testament, Corpus Rubenianum Ludwig Burchard 3 (London: Harvey Miller Publishers; New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), cat. no. 44, note 6.

Michael Jaffé, Catalogo Completo Rubens, translated by Germano Mulazzani (Milan: Rizzoli, 1989), illus. fig. 493. (Index on p. 389 lists illus. 493, 991, 1098, 1128, 1129, 1382.)

Jeffrey M. Muller, Rubens: The Artist as Collector (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989), cat. no. 159, illus. pl. 75.

Hiltrud Kier and Frank Günter Zehnder, eds., Lust und Verlust: Kölner Sammler zwischen Trikolore und Preußenadler (exhibition catalogue) (Köln: Museen der Stadt Köln and Wienand Verglag Köln, 1995), cat. no. 209, illus. (color).

Annette Dixon, ed., Women Who Ruled: Queens, Goddesses, Amazons in Renaissance and Baroque Art (exhibition catalogue) (London: published for The University of Michigan Museum of Art, Ann Arbor, by Merrell Publishers, Ltd., 2002), no. 83, illus. (color).

Jeanne d'Arc: Les tableaux de l'Histoire (exhibition catalogue) (Paris: Réunion des musée nationaux, 2003), illus. (color) 10.

Kate Adie, Corsets to Camouflage (in association with the "Women and War" exhibition) (London: Hodder & Stoughton, in association with the Imperial War Museum, 2003), illus. (color) facing p. 1.

Kristin Lohse Belkin and Fiona Healy, A House of Art: Rubens as Collector (exhibition catalogue) (Antwerp: Rubenshuis and Rubenianium, 2004), cat. no. 19, illus. (color).

Jeremy Wood, "Rubens's collection," (exhibition review) The Burlington Magazine 146, no. 1215 (June 2004), mentioned 424.

Nora M. Heimann, Joan of Arc in French Art and Culture (1700-1855): Satire and Sanctity (Hampshire, UK, and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2005), mentioned 7, 74, 88, 149, illus. (b-w) pl. 6.

Nora M. Hiemann and Laura Coyle, Joan of Arc: Her Image in France and America (Washington, DC: Corcoran Gallery of Art, 2006), discussed 33-34, illus. (color) 33.

Ida Sinkevic, ed., Knights in Shining Armor: Myth and Reality, 1450-1650 (Piermont, NH: Bunker Hill Publishing in association with Allentown Art Museum, 2006), mentioned 11, illus. (color) 12 and back cover.

Une Histoire de Famille (Domremy: Conseil Général des Vosges, 2009), illus. (color), 158.

Dennis P. Weller, Seventeenth-Century Dutch and Flemish Paintings [Systematic Catalogue of the Collection] (Raleigh: North Carolina Museum of Art, 2009), cat. no. 65, illus. (color) 312.

Heroínas (exhibition catalogue) (Madrid: Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, 2011), cat. no. 36, illus. (color) 181, mentioned 30, 295, listed 326.

The Catholic Historical Review 98, no. 2 (April 2012), illus. (b-w) front cover.

Bert Watteeuw, “Een neus voor kunst. Jacomo de Cachiopin (1591/92–1659), Amator Artis Pictoriae Antverpiae,” in 500 Jaar Verzamelen in Antwerpen, illus. (color) 98.

Piotr Borusowski, “Zaginiony I odnaleziony. Rysunek Kleczaca Joanna d’Arc Petera Paula Rubensa w Muzeum Narodowym w Warszawie,” in Rocznik Muzeum narodowego w Warszawie Nowa Seria (Journal of the National Museum in Warsaw New Series), no. 39 (2014) illus. (color) 290, fig. 3.

Historial Jeanne d’Arc (Rouen: Beaux Arts Éditions, 2015), illus. (color) 101.Exhibition HistoryRaleigh, NC, North Carolina Museum of Art, "Robert F. Phifer Collection," March 31-May 13, 1973, 80, illus. (b-w) 81.

Antwerp, Royal Museum of Fine Arts, "P. P. Rubens: Paintings - Oilsketches - Drawings," June 29-September 30, 1977, cat. no. 46, illus. 114.

Paris, Hôtel de la Monnaie, "Images de Jeanne D'Arc," June-September 1979, cat. no. 41.

Raleigh, NC, North Carolina Museum of Art, The Mary Duke Biddle Gallery, "Saints and Heroes," November 14, 1987-July 24, 1988, 14, 15, illus. (b-w) 14, fig. 9.

Cologne, Wallraf-Richartz Museum, "Lust und Verlust. Kölner Sammler zwischen Trikolore und Preussenadler," October 24, 1995-January 28, 1996, cat. no. 209, illus. (color).

Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan Museum of Art, "Women Who Ruled: Queens, Goddesses, Amazons 1500-1650," February 17-May 5, 2002; Wellesley, MA, Davis Museum and Cultural Center, Wellesley College, September 14-December 8, 2002, cat. no. 83, illus. (color).

London, Imperial War Museum, "Women and War," October 15, 2003-[ ? ], 2004; Antwerp, cat.

Antwerp, Rubenshuis, "A House of Art: Rubens as Collector," March 6-June 13, 2004, cat. no. 19, illus. (color).

Washington, DC, Corcoran Gallery of Art, "Joan of Arc," November 18, 2006-January 21, 2007.

Madrid, Museum Thyssen-Bornemisza, "Heroínas," March 8-June 5, 2011, cat. no. 36, illus. (color).

Raleigh, NC, North Carolina Museum of Art, "The People's Collection, Reimagined," October 7, 2022–present. Object Rights Statement

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